The Industry Of Western Fast Food Restaurants - 1395 Words

Industry Analysis Rivalry among Competing Sellers Now in the industry of western fast food restaurants, there are several strong competitors against Yum! Brands such as The McDonald s Corporation, Papa John s International, Inc., Domino’s Pizza Inc., Subway Inc, Wendy’s Company, Burger King Inc, and so on. These companies are competing with Yum! Brands both in the U.S. and internationally. As a result of the high level of competition within the industry, profit margins are low for most companies, forcing them to lower cost and to take quality controls to maintain efficiency and minimize wastage to attract customers. Companies also face strong competition based on quality. Good quality ingredients and well-presented meals are highly†¦show more content†¦Yum! Brands’ biggest competitor, McDonald’s Corporation, is specific in the hamburger restaurant segment, with 90% of the market share within the industry. McDonald’s two largest competitors, Burger King Corpo ration and Wendy’s International, Inc., each only hold a mere 4% of the market share. As more and more fast food restaurants establishing in the U.S., Yum! Brands Corporation faces its highest competition domestically. The largest seven fast food restaurants possess 45% of the total market share. So developing internationally is a vital and wise decision that Yum! Brands has made. In comparison to the U.S. division, the situation is totally different in the international market. KFC is the first fast food restaurants to enter the China market, and continues to be the most popular brand. Pizza Hut is the first chain pizza restaurant to bring pizza, Western casual dining, and pizza delivery to China. According to these facts, the competition is less severe in the China market. However, Yum! Brands need to deal with a new wave of competitors in foreign countries. Although it provides products that are differentiated from local restaurants, the tastes of consumers and the quality of service will greatly affect the success of the corporation. If consumers are not willing to purchase the food type that Yum! Brands offers, the company will lose to other restaurants that have been long established in foreign countries. Potential New Entrants TheShow MoreRelatedFast Casual Restaurant As A Fast Food Restaurant1697 Words   |  7 Pages Assignment 3 Fast-Casual Restaurants in Ukraine Student: Diana Hyrya Instructor: Raef Assaf, DBA BU 536 - Global Strategy and Management Newport Beach Winter – 2016 Many US consumers want their meals in a hurry, but with more service and higher quality food than in traditional fast food restaurant. The result has been the rise of fast-casual restaurant chains such as Daphne s Greek Cafe, Boston Market and Panera Bread. The intent of fast casual restaurants is to deliver a qualityRead MoreThe Potential Dimensions Of Service Quality1417 Words   |  6 Pagespotential dimensions of service quality and then examine the relationship between service quality, food quality, perceived value, physical environment and customer satisfaction in KFC Restaurants in Myanmar. Design/methodology/approach –By using exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis the construct reliability and validity was assessed. To estimate the relationship among service quality, food quality, perceived value, physical environment and customer satisfaction, structural equationRead MoreChipotle Mexican Grill. Chipotle Mexican Grill, Incorporated1144 Words   |  5 PagesChipotle Mexican Grill, Incorporated is a restaurant that offers Mexican food including burritos, tacos, burrito bowls (a burrito without the tortilla), salads, and more. The company has been in operations since 1993, starting out as one unit and growing to 1,300 units in over 46 states, the District of Columbia, Canada, and the United Kingdom in 2011. The restaurant served fast-casual food with a customizable menu. The restaurant prides itself on serving food made from scratch with wholesome, organicRead MoreMcdonald Business Environment906 Words   |  4 Pageschain of hamburger f ast food restaurant. There are over 30,000 McDonald’s restaurants in more than 100 countries and served an average of 50 million customer daily. A McDonald restaurant is operated by either a franchisee or by the corporation itself. The very first McDonald was open in Singapore in 1979 and today there are over 120 McDonald restaurants across the island which served 1.2 million customers weekly. McDonald employs around 9,000 employees to keep their restaurant running across theRead MoreMcdonald s An Example Of A Service / Product Mix Essay1704 Words   |  7 Pagesare defined as a valuable action, deed, or effort performed to satisfy a need or to fulfil a demand. Goods producing industries are for example agriculture and construction. Both agriculture and construction results in the creation of some kind of tangible object. The service industry includes everything else, for example banking, hotels, airlines, insurance, education, restaurants, etc. A services dominated economy is characteristic of more developed countries than developing countries. RealisticallyRead MoreFast Food Nation: The Inconvenient Truth of Fast Food Essay572 Words   |  3 Pages ‘Fast Food Nation’ by Eric Schlosser traces the history of fast food industry from old hot dog stands to the billion dollar franchise companies established as America spread its influence of quick, easy and greasy cuisine around the globe. It is a brilliant piece of investigative journalism that looks deep into the industries that have profited from the American agriculture business, while engaging in labor practices that are often shameful. In Fast Food Nation, Schlosser goes beyond the factsRead MoreFood Is A Necessity And Without Food We Wouldn’T Be Able1345 Words   |  6 PagesFood is a necessity and without food we wouldn’t be able to survive. But what happens when that very essential thing we need to survive is not good for us? According to the website Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), more than one-third of Americans have obesity (Adult Obesity Facts). One of the major reasons causing obesity is a poor diet, what some call, the Western Diet. In Michael Pollan’s article â€Å"Escape from the Western Diet†, he argues that people should give up the western dietRead MoreFast Food Industry1506 Words   |  7 PagesTable of Contents: 1) Executive Summary †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P.2 2) Industry Structure Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P.2 3) Five Force Model †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.P.3 4) Comparative industry structure analyses †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.P.5 5) Critical Success Factors Now ...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P.5 6) Critical Success Factors in Future...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.P.7 7) Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P.8 6) Appendix †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..P.9 Executive Summary: Hong Kong is a city in which efficiency and speed areRead MoreFast Food Is An Integral Part Of Our Society Essay1455 Words   |  6 Pages Fast food has become an integral part of our society by providing the option for a cheap and quick meal and on-the-go dining. In 1954, Ray Kroc, a seller of milkshake machines, took interest in the hamburger shop owned by the McDonald’s brothers. From there, Kroc suggested that the brothers â€Å"franchise† their restaurants and after skepticism from the brothers, Kroc took on most of the responsibility for making the chain national venture. Today, McDonald’s is a global phenomenon and a billion-dollarRead MoreTastefully Taking Over China1341 Words   |  6 PagesTastefully Taking Over China As the leader of a multimillion dollar fast food company I would expand my business and open a resturant in China. They have a large economy with a large population and a growing middle class. Even though there are cultural differences, different tax codes and political and economic differences it is still one of the best countries to start a business because it has one of the strongest economies in the world. With China ranked second to the United States as the world’s

Wearable Art An Innovation In The Twentieth Century Essay

Looking at the broad historical perspective, people have been considering clothing as an elemental demand that cannot be replaced in human life. Clothes have become a typical topic for not only researchers but also students. That was the reason why I had a trip to a museum of Te Manawa and saw many exhibits there about wearable arts. At the first sight I stepped into the arts area, I started to wonder what the artists created these costumes for. I stopped by an exhibit, called â€Å"The Reflection On Time†, which impressed me the most. Wearing a hooded jacket with a jean, I was almost overwhelmed with its magnificence. It was such a pellucid collection of plastics that you can see through and observe every line of the model statue. It brought†¦show more content†¦It is a double denotation term. Firstly, it can be viewed as an action which makes an idea come into being. â€Å"Off the wall† can also be seen as weird or unusual. In short, the idea of making pictur es on the wall come in reality and putting them on human body are strange ideas that people have never done before and that is what we call wearable arts. As wearable art is seemingly hard to define, separating them into two parts is likely to provide an easier understanding. First of all, if something is wearable, it is pleasant and comfortable to wear, (Oxford Dictionaries, n.d., npg). This adjective can be easily seen in the descriptions of cloths or elements of fashion. For example, people usually wear suits to look formal and attractive for their presentations. Looking at sports aspects, sporty cloths are wearable for the athletes due to its feature of sweat absorption and comfortableness. Secondly, arts can be viewed as the illustration of creative and original imaginations. Art exists in various forms. For instance, in painting, a complex picture that normal people are not likely to understand can be considered â€Å"Art†. However, art lovers are willing to pay thousan ds of dollars for these pictures because they can understand the contents inside. Another case in point is fashion aspect. Nowadays, it is usual that many collections of weird costumes appear on the fashion shows as they carry some messages along with their unique designs. Although the termShow MoreRelatedCopy Article On Copy Right Law1931 Words   |  8 Pagesfashion industry? This paper discusses why fast fashion brands like ZARA take no responsibility for plagiarism and appropriated trends started by independent designers.   Copyright law is designed to protect literary and artistic works was well as innovation such as the trademark signs and symbols. Those aspect may not be applied to fashion industry. 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Human Trafficking and the Tvpa Free Essays

Falling in a Gray Area: Human Trafficking Victims and When to Treat Them as Human Beings Though slavery has continuously existed in some form throughout history, it has only been in the past century and a half or so that humanity has legally acknowledged that the idea of owning another person is unjust. This relatively new legal conscience has become apparent in the various laws banning the validity that a person can be property, an object. However, these laws have not eradicated slavery, as is seen by the scores of young men and women rescued from this particular brand of evil each year. We will write a custom essay sample on Human Trafficking and the Tvpa or any similar topic only for you Order Now In 2000, Congress attempted to address a modernized version of slavery, human trafficking, by creating a new act, called the Trafficking Victims Protection Act, also known as the TVPA. â€Å"Unfortunately, there is almost universal consensus that the Trafficking Act, while well-intentioned, has thus far failed to make sufficient strides in addressing the problem of human trafficking, either internationally or domestically† (Chacon: 2006, 2978). Though catching the perpetrators responsible for creating completely broken trafficking victims is of the highest importance, that justice should not come at the cost of further punishing those victims, as happens sometimes as a result of the TVPA. This paper examines the TVPA, highlighting which groups are left unacknowledged, how victims are left unprotected, and offers possible solutions for changes so these young men and women have a chance to make a better life than that which has been given them. In this realm of international organized crime, perception is everything, and that is emphasized throughout these explanations. Before delving into laws dealing with human trafficking, effective or ineffective, and the issues surrounding it, one must first get an overview of sex trafficking, and how this is related to immigration. Human trafficking is the â€Å"recruitment and transportation of a person for the purpose of exploitation† (Raffaelli), any kind of movement of people where there is a victim who feels helpless and is manipulated, and an offender profits from the victim feeling this way, to a degree that the victim feels going to authorities will not solve anything. A subset of human trafficking is sex trafficking. Sex trafficking is human trafficking, with the added component that the victim is â€Å"trafficked for the purpose of sexual exploitation,† (Raffaelli) overwhelmingly against the victim’s will. Another subset of human trafficking is slave labor, where the victim is used as a slave to makes goods or to provide services not of a sexual nature. â€Å"In each case [of human trafficking] the victim perceives himself or herself as defenseless, perceives a lack of support from U. S. uthorities and, thus, never attempts to report the abuse to law enforcement† (McCabe 2). Perception is already important because the victim perceives that law enforcement will not help them, and that resistance is useless. The TVPA of 2000 focuses mainly on sex trafficking rather than human trafficking as a whole, due to the fact that this form of trafficking leaves a victim completely broken because of the tactics used by traffickers. Traffi ckers promise their victims, usually young women, a good life in America. Once in America, all forms, papers, and visas to show a legal presence are taken away from the victims, and the traffickers begin the slow process of breaking the victims down by a vicious cycle of rape, threats, and physical and verbal abuse. Before the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, most US Legislation dealing with human and sex trafficking focused on curtailing immigration, and punishing trafficking victims as prostitutes. Trafficking victims had no protection, only fear, persecution, dislocation, and the high chance of criminal charges and deportation. Because traffickers take away all forms of identification, papers, and visas, victims would be viewed as illegal immigrants, and treated as such. At that time, the only legislative body fighting for the victims was the United Nations (UN). The UN was the driving force behind global reform for trafficking, acknowledging that human trafficking was and is a global problem, and a country like the United States viewing trafficking as a domestic problem would only create loopholes for the traffickers. Within the first couple pages, the TVPA has already, despite how unknowing, excluded a portion of the victims of sex trafficking. The act has a second, smaller bill written in, called the Violence Against Women Act of 2000. Portraying only women as victims is not only sexist and simple minded, but dangerous as well. â€Å"Traffickers primarily target women and girls† (22 USC Sec. 102(b)(1)). If young men do not entertain the possibility that they themselves could become victims, their arrogance could be what ensures their victimization. â€Å"Men and boys who are sexually exploited must come to terms with not only the physical and emotional trauma of repeated rape and abuse, but their own conflicted sexuality and masculinity afterwards. Amanda Kloer, anti-trafficking activist, writes that this added stigma prevents them from coming forward and seeking assistance, which further compounds the problem of a lack of information regarding the exploitation of men† (Clymer). Though going into the stigma of lacking masculinity is off topic, it is worth stating that these ideals have only perpetuated the violence, and therefore victimization, against both men and women. Certain men believe that to be masculine, he must show strength, which sometimes includes beating his wife. If a man’s strength, aka that which makes him masculine, is seemingly stripped from him, he is to be shunned and his failure is to be made an example to others who would attempt to ignore this rule of society. Perception is highly important when it comes to stopping human trafficking. When the TVPA starts compounding with U. S. immigration law to mess with the mind picture the average American has of human trafficking, criminal activity that could be stopped is completely missed, with many Americans not realizing what has happened. Another group of victims not acknowledged under the TVPA are those that entered the country willingly, maybe even legally. This is usually considered human smuggling, and is therefore not seen as equivalent with human trafficking. â€Å"The journey may begin in the same way. Some trafficking victims begin their journey in an act of smuggling, as they freely undertake a decision to pay someone to assist them in crossing the border into the United States†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Chacon: 2006, 2986). These people are voluntary migrants who usually, after entering the United States, find themselves in a situation, working under certain conditions for which their consent was never given. Dealing with consent in the TVPA is more like a dance than an outright statement: â€Å"†¦the TVPA makes no specific provisions concerning the role of victim consent. It is an open question under the TVPA whether the consent of the individual to some element of the act of trafficking obviates the conclusion that the individual is a victim of a ‘severe form of trafficking’† (Chacon: 2006, 2984-2985). It would seem as though much of this act would depend upon whether consent was given, but upon closer inspection, that is a ridiculous statement. No one, except possibly a person who is drastically mentally ill, would willingly consent to being a victim of sex trafficking. If you are acknowledged as a victim by the TVPA, the act will then attempt to extend protection to you. If the victims of human trafficking feel safe and cared for, those victims are more likely to become witnesses that have the potential to send away their victimizers for life, or at least the next twenty years. Foreign victims that qualify for this protection are eligible to ‘special services’ under the Attorney General Guidelines for Victim and Witness Assistance, 2005. Article IX deals with the extra care and assistance granted to victims of human trafficking. They are usually given necessary medical care, measures to protect them from their victimizers, direction to legal services, translation services, and immigration benefits. The immigration benefits usually end in multiple-year visas, such and the T and U visas. Of course, just because a victim is officially recognized as such does not mean that person is inherently due protection and relief. â€Å"Much of the literature diagnosing the domestic shortcomings of the TVPA focuses upon the legal barriers to relief that are encountered by trafficking victims in the United States. The proposed solutions focus on improving the identification and assistance of trafficking victims†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Chacon: 2006, 2979). One of the greatest shortcomings of the TVPA is that assistance to trafficking victims is greatly limited. There are three basic contingencies as to whether an adult trafficking victim will receive aid from the United States government. These three contingencies apply to foreign adult victims of trafficking. The first is if the victim has been subject to the TVPA’s definition of a severe form of trafficking. â€Å"The services are available to a person who meets the definition of a victim of a severe form of trafficking, without regard to whether an indictment is eventually filed, or whether any indictment that is filed includes trafficking statutes† (Human Smuggling and Trafficking Center 9). Understanding that requires a look back at the law’s definition of â€Å"severe trafficking. † Severe trafficking is a form of sex trafficking in which â€Å"a commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercion, or in which the person induced to perform such act has not yet attained 18 years of age†¦through the use of force, fraud, or coercion for the purpose of subjection to involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage, or slavery† (22 USC Sec. 103(8)(A-B)). Debt bondage is the most common of these, as it is the easiest to commit. A smuggler agrees to smuggle a family or individual to America, but once in America, the smuggler explains that the price unexpectedly went up, and the family or individual must now work off their debt. This degree of human trafficking â€Å"automatically includes all persons under eighteen who are forced into sex acts, but the blanket protection of children extends no further† (Chacon: 2006, 2985). The second is connected to the victim’s immigration status, which is a reference to the fact that the vast majority of human trafficking victims in the United States are foreigners that were either brought to the U. S. against their will, or came willingly under a completely different pretext. If the latter is true, it’s more than likely that all the victim’s papers are in the hands of the perpetrators, and their visa probably expired. The third contingency is the victim’s willingness to assist law enforcement to ensure that human traffickers are properly and swiftly brought to justice. If an adult victim complies with all three criteria, then that person qualifies for the protections previously mentioned. Dealing directly with perception, â€Å"†¦U. S. aw and policy actually facilitate the trafficking of human beings into and within the United States† (Misery and Myopia 2979). U. S. immigration policy not only allows this to happen, but compliments human trafficking in such a way that the evil perfection is eerie. Most of the U. S. Immigration policy is based upon the perception that foreigners are bad and evil, while native United States citizens are good and j ust. Vast oversimplifications such as this are more dangerous than anything else, and will only perpetuate a cycle of violence. Most Americans do not realize that human and sex trafficking is not just a foreign thing that happens in the red light district of Cambodia, or India, or in Eastern European nations. Though human trafficking does happen in those places, it also is taking place in the United States everyday. â€Å"The image of trafficking as a foreign evil perpetrated by minorities and migrants has at least two collateral effects that actually complicate rather than complement antitrafficking efforts† (Chacon: 2010, 1631). One of the many possible solutions to help better these laws is to not only focus on the end result of sex trafficking, i. . a satisfied client and the traffickers being paid, but on how the situation has evolved to that point, i. e. the manipulation and coercion of young men and women into a lifestyle of being victimized. â€Å"To truly address all forms of human trafficking, state criminal laws must shift the focus from what type of labor or services trafficking victims ar e forced to perform and the relative merits of that work and exploitation to the exploitative actions traffickers use to gain and maintain control over their victims† (Barnhart 130). Domestically speaking, many perpetrators, or ‘pimps,’ go through a process of grooming their victims to become unwilling prostitutes. This usually takes several months, and involves emotional manipulation. Though this process is nigh on impossible to catch when dealing with international human trafficking, it is nonetheless an important process. Many human traffickers have specific areas from which they pick their victims. These areas are usually at or below the poverty line, as young men and women with tall dreams and no money are easy to manipulate, and most in the neighborhood would assume the victim ran away. If local law enforcement officials in those areas are trained to recognize this process of grooming, international human trafficking will suffer. This specifically has been somewhat addressed in an amendment from 2007, where the U. S. Department of State spoke to the other countries of the world to set forth minimum standards to properly eliminate human trafficking around the globe. Though these standards are not nearly as high as they ought to be, the standards are a step in the right direction. These standards give hope that this paper will be completely proven wrong within the next few years. Though it is interesting that the U. S. Department of State require of other countries something which it has not yet achieved: â€Å"†¦whether the government of the country protects victims of severe forms of trafficking in persons†¦and ensures that victims are not inappropriately incarcerated, fined, or otherwise penalized solely for unlawful acts as a direct result of being trafficked† (Trafficking in Persons Report). Another solution is not law-based, but anthropologically based. Most Americans stubbornly refuse to believe that sex trafficking is happening within America, domestic or internationally. If the average American were to look at the average busy street corner in a large city, the average American would not be looking for victims, but instead would be looking for reasons to judge the women parading their bodies. Some of those women, on that street corner, would be trafficking victims. The more aware the average American is on this issue that immigrants are very likely victims of human and sex trafficking, the faster perceptions will change as to who is ‘good’ or ‘bad’ in the issue of immigration. Criminalization of immigrants, handled spectacularly by current immigration policy, will only serve to further exacerbate the problem with mistreating victims of human trafficking. The problem seems to be not thinking of immigrants as humans. Treatment of migrants is†¦increasingly dichotomous: either a noncitizen qualifies as a trafficking victim†¦or the noncitizen is a smuggled migrant†¦If the individual falls in a gray area—between an outright victim of â€Å"severe† trafficking and a smuggled migrant who is subject of everyday forms of labor exploitation—the government’s approach has been to treat the gray-area case as one involving a voluntary migrant who is not eligible for the protections available to trafficking victims† (Chacon: 2010, 1635). This is simply untrue, and these victims do not deserve such treatment. The vast majority of victimized immigrants fall in this grey area, causing further victimization by a legal system that was designed to protect the innocent, and bring their oppressors to justice. Further legislation must properly provide for the victims in the gray areas, and deliver appropriate protection to ensure the victim’s future well being. Though the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 has had improvements in the past twelve years, at its foundation lies an act that fails to adequately acknowledge and protect the victims of sex trafficking. There have been alterations and additions to the TVPA since 2000 which has addressed a few of the issues outlined in this paper. Progress has been made, continues to be made, and there is definite hope that after a short time, human and sex trafficking will no longer be able to hide in the shadows that so greatly inhibits its detection. However, this act, as well as most law enforcement and legislators, fails to acknowledge that perception is everything when dealing with human trafficking. The right perception is important to keep as many people from becoming victims as possible and to ensure that an anti-immigrant sentiment is not perpetuated unnecessarily. Works Cited Barnhart, Melynda H. â€Å"Sex and Slavery: An Analysis of Three Models of State Human Trafficking Legislations. † 16 Wm. Mary J. Women L. 83 (2009). Web. 6 Mar. 2012. http://scholarship. law. wm. edu/cgi/viewcontent. cgi? article=1064context=wmjowl. Clymer, Beth. â€Å"Why Human Trafficking Is a Men’s Issue. †Ã‚  Meet Justice. Meetjustice. org, 25 May 2011. Web. 11 Apr. 2012. http://meetjustice. org/2011/05/why-human-trafficking-is-a-mens-issue/. Chacon, Jennifer M. â€Å"Misery and Myopia: Understanding the Failures of U. S. Efforts to Stop Human Trafficking. † Fordham Law Review. 74 Fordham L. Rev. 2977 (2006), 1 Jan. 2006. Web. 6 Mar. 2012. http://ir. lawnet. fordham. edu/cgi/viewcontent. cgi? article=4173context=flr. Chacon, Jennifer M. â€Å"Tensions and Trade-offs: Protecting Trafficking Victims in the Era of Immigration Enforcement. †Ã‚  University of Pennsylvania Law Review  158. 6 (2010): 1609-653. University of Pennsylvania Law Review. Web. 6 Mar. 2012. http://www. law. upenn. edu/journals/lawreview/articles/volume158/issue6/Chacon158U. Pa. L. Rev. 1609(2010). pdf. Human Smuggling and How to cite Human Trafficking and the Tvpa, Papers

Healthcare in South Australia Free Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Healthcare in South Australia. Answer: Healthcare in South Australia The Southern Australia provides an improved health care to the public by providing effective leadership in health reforms, medical research and public health services. The south Australian health services provides several important services to the SA community, which includes- Public hospitals, environmental health policies, delivery of metropolitan and public health, epidemiology, control of communicable diseases, excellent pathology services, emergency and ambulance services, organ donation services (Britt et al. 2012). The SA dental service also provides a vast range of dental services for children as well as the adults. The dental service is publicly funded and also works in partnership with the University of Adelaide to train and educate a large number of States dental work force. It has been reported that all children and all young people under the 18 years of age are eligible of attending the school Dental Service regardless of the parents or guardians (Chrisopoulos, Harford a nd Ellershaw. 2016). Adults are eligible for getting the basic dental service. The older adults can have a current concession card or a Department of Veterans affairs Pensioner concession card. If one is not an Australian resident then he or she can access the dental care service at his or her own cost. The SA health collaborates with other government agencies to provide an appropriate care service to the consumers. The infrastructure directorate of SA helps in the strategic planning and the evaluation of the requirements of the public health infrastructure system. It provides leadership for the health assets of the SA (Corallo et al.2014). It is responsible for delivering security services to the SA health. The South Australia has taken up the health in all policies. The health in all policies actually has its origin in Europe. It has been implemented in the latest European health strategies and it has been implemented highly by the all the countries of the European Union. Dental problems are very common among the population of South Australia. As the population of the older adult is high in this state, the oral health status of this state has to be focused on. Oral health diseases are also a major financial cost to the south Australian community. Australias first National oral health plan (National plan) has been endorsed by the Australian ministry of health conference in order to make oral health an important part of the general health, in order to help out the common people to access appropriate and affordable services. Researches and oral health evaluation is made in order to ensure an essential and sufficiently skilled workforce and communities that effectively promote good oral health. This approach has said to improve the outcomes in patient. HiAP has been introduced in South Australia to extend its vow to joined-up government. Importantly, the South Australian Health in All Policies approach stretches the European HiAP work for strengthening the focus on improved health care through the achievement of the goals, and contributing towards bridging the gap between theory and practice. Health care in Australia Health care in Australia is mainly provided by government hospitals, private physicians. Half of the cost of the medical services is served by either the government agencies, or paid privately by the clients or provided by the private insurance agencies and the rest is paid by the clients privately. It is known that the Australian government spends 9% of its GDP in health care, which can be close to many OECD countries but is much less than U.S (Duckett and Willcox. 2015). The funding of health care via government is brought about by the Medicare schemes, which provides universal access to a wide range of health services. This thing is brought about by general taxation system. The Australian Medicare system has strengthened the health indicators and has helped to increase the life expectancy rate among the Australians. There are a number of health services in the New South Wales. They are- NSW ambulance, good health infrastructure, Health share NSW providing corporate and information technological services health, NSW health pathology, E- health NSW, which is an organization that provides a state wise leadership on the delivery, shape and management of the information council technology led healthcare (Duckett and Willcox. 2015). Other services that are provided are proper dental health clinics, local health districts and specialty network. There are several pillar organizations in order to review the clinical variation and support the clinical network in the development of the good service. There is a cancer institute and bureau of health information and an agency of clinical innovation. The health care services provided in Queensland is provided by government and non government organizations, professionals, private companies and voluntary groups (Duckett and Willcox. 2015). It has been reported that the Queensland health provides with free public hospital services across 15 service districts. In Tasmania there is a wide range of government health care services. The government is continuously striving to provide a good patient service. But it has to be noted that the Tasmania needs more funding when it is coming to health. It needed more improved care community, discharge care and training in the medical students (Devaux and De Looper. 2012). The health care system is Victoria provides a wide range health care benefit to the Victoria. In Victoria, the treatment in the public hospital is free whereas in Private it is to be paid by the consumer depending on the type of insurance benefit one select. The ambulatory care service is provided by the Victorian government. The emergency department is efficient in dealing with the critical patients. Like the other states of Australia, the West Australian health system also provides a combined care to the consumers. Health care funding is supported by the government or by the private health care providers, largely depending on the Medicare facilities. The services got are skilled general practitioners, wide range of health services including child health, school health, woman health, community and sexual health, organized programs on immunizations (Devaux and De Looper. 2012). The public hospitals are owned by the government of the state. There are some private hospitals that work in partnership with the WA health to provide free service to the customers. The dental health in west Australia is in an alarming position. Nearly half of the 6 years old babies have dental carries. Medical system in other OECD countries Balancing the health care and costs are the common motto of most of the OECD countries. The recent economic and the financial crisis have brought about miseries in the fiscal positions. It should be noted that the public spending on health care had always been voluptuous. It has been reported that most of the OECD countries spend about 6 % of it GDP in health care (Astolfi, Lorenzoni and Oderkirk. 2012). Health care outcomes can be measured on the basis of certain factors such as the longevity, survival rates in patients, number of hospital readmissions and the numbers of hospital discharges. It should be noted that the health status have changed in the OECD countries for the past few years. It has been reported that Japan spends less on health per capita income, but they have got a very high health status. Other countries like Iceland, Sweden and Italy have also high health status. The oral health care is one of the major problems in the OECD countries (Fineberg. 2012). The dental health is alarming in many countries such as Bolivia, Poland, Phillipines, Bolivia including Australia. The middle of South America has some of the worst oral health of the region. A comparative study reveals that countries like Japan, Korea and Switzerland achieve best to transform money into health outcome. Countries like Denmark, Greece, Hungary and Slovak Republic are successful in improving the heath outcome keeping the spending constant. Name of the top best hospitals in South Australia The Royal Adelaide hospital John Hopkins hospital The Repatriation general hospital Flinders Medical centre (FMC) Lyell McEwin hospital (LMH) Queen Elizabeth Hospital Comparison of health care facilities between South Australia and other states of Australia Population of SA is highly concentrated in the urban areas. 80% of the people reside in Adelaide and the outer surrounding areas (Duckett and Willcox 2015). It also has the highest population of older people, thus requires extra health facilities. It has been reported that the health spending in Australia has increased by 2.9% in compared with many other OECD countries and it has also been reported that most of the health facilities are consumed by the couth Australian community (Farrar et al. 2013). It has been reported that the potentially avoidable hospitalizations for COPD is highest in South Australia compared to the other states of Australia. Effective treatment for these clinical conditions can be got at the primary level of care, and the cost effectiveness of the hospitalizations makes it easy for the people to get the desired care. In South Australia, the age sex standardized cases for asthma is about 64.7 per 1000-00 population, compared with the other OECD countries. It ha s been reported that the rate of hospital admissions the South Australia is 323.8 per 100000 populations, which is considerably higher considered to many OECD countries. One of the greatest problems in South Australia is the problem of obesity, which cannot be found profoundly in the other states of Australia. There are certain areas in health care where South Australia has to improve. Inspite of all these South Australia performs well when it considering the overall population health. Recent studies say that at 82.2 years, the life expectancy in Australia is the sixth highest compared to the other OECD countries (Devaux and De Looper 2012). The states record on colorectal cancer and breast cancer survival is among the best. It has also been reported that this state has one of the lowest records of tobacco consumption. Challenges faced by South Australia in terms of general and oral health. In spite of the possible measures taken to improve the oral health in South Australia, there are certain challenges that have to be accomplished. There are funding facilities for the accessing to the dental health care but the loss of the common wealth Dental health program in 1996 reduced the funding availability for the treatment of 400000 South Australian card holders, who were eligible for a dental care that is publicly funded (Hadad, Hadad and Simon-Tuval. 2013). This reduced their timely access to the dental care. Furthermore the large number of aging population and the dental decay among the children are some of the challenges that are faced by the South Australian health care (Arrow, Raheb and Miller 2013). IT has got high rate of hospital admissions for the chronic diseases which have to be decreased considerably in the primary care. Another factor is the inaccessibility of the health care by the aged population due to the transportation or cost (Hall. 2015). Strategies taken up to improve health care facilities in South Australia Proper strategies have to be taken up to reduce the number of factors such as hospital admissions due to COPD, chronic illness (Elshaug et al. 2012). The government has to establish a new model of care, where a wide range of services should be available within a local clinical network. The country hospitals should have a strengthened capacity to deliver a basal level of care to the local community and the broader district. The emergency services, acute and intermediate care, community and primary care (Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, 2012). The country general hospital should be able to develop highly specialized care units, which should be close to the residential aged care. The health care facility should be reachable to all the classes and even to the remote areas (Runciman et al. 2012). There should be small rural health clinics that will support the fundamental health care services across the countries. The existing health care setting should work on their workforce in order to deliver an appropriate care (Baum. 2016). Proper programs should be arranged by the ministry of health care in order to impart education to the hospital staffs and the patients for self management of the diseases like COPD and obesity. Proper monitoring and proper discharge goals can help in reducing the hospital readmissions. Proper and assessment of the signs and symptoms and risk management techniques can improve the delivery of care to the patients (Grol et al. 2013). Emphasis also has to be given in improving the aboriginal health care. In a nutshell the steps that is required are- Keeping patient as the primary objectives of all kinds of planning of the health services. Encouraging self management Recognition of the needs of people from culturally diverse background, such as the aboriginals. To maintain a balance between the in hospital and the out of hospital care services. Providing intermediate or primary health care service regarding oral health Provision of appropriate Medicare services in terms of general and oral health. In a word it can be said that a lot of researches are still required to understand the loops and the flaws of the South Australian health care. And proper quality improvement and the risk management strategies can advance the health care facilities of South Australia. References Arrow, P., Raheb, J. and Miller, M., 2013. Brief oral health promotion intervention among parents of young children to reduce early childhood dental decay.BMC public health,13(1), p.245. Astolfi, R., Lorenzoni, L. and Oderkirk, J., 2012. Informing policy makers about future health spending: a comparative analysis of forecasting methods in OECD countries.Health Policy,107(1), pp.1-10. Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health, 2012. The avoidance and delaying of dental visits in Australia.Australian dental journal,57(2), pp.243-247. Baum, F., 2016.The new public health(No. Ed. 4). Oxford University Press. Britt, H., Miller, G.C., Henderson, J., Bayram, C., Valenti, L., Harrison, C., Charles, J., Pan, Y., Zhang, C., Pollack, A.J. and O'Halloran, J., 2013.General Practice Activity in Australia 2012-13: BEACH: Bettering the Evaluation and Care of Health(No. 33). Sydney University Press. Chrisopoulos, S., Harford, J.E. and Ellershaw, A., 2016.Oral health and dental care in Australia: key facts and figures 2015. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Corallo, A.N., Croxford, R., Goodman, D.C., Bryan, E.L., Srivastava, D. and Stukel, T.A., 2014. A systematic review of medical practice variation in OECD countries.Health Policy,114(1), pp.5-14. Devaux, M. and De Looper, M., 2012. Income-related inequalities in health service utilisation in 19 OECD countries, 2008-2009. Duckett, S. and Willcox, S., 2015.The Australian health care system(No. Ed. 5). Oxford University Press. Elshaug, A.G., Watt, A.M., Mundy, L. and Willis, C.D., 2012. Over 150 potentially low-value health care practices: an Australian study.The Medical Journal of Australia,197(10), pp.556-560. Farrar, J., Hotez, P., Junghanss, T., Kang, G., Lalloo, D. and White, N.J., 2013.Manson's Tropical Diseases E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. Fineberg, H.V., 2012. A successful and sustainable health systemhow to get there from here.New England Journal of Medicine,366(11), pp.1020-1027. Grol, R., Wensing, M., Eccles, M. and Davis, D. eds., 2013.Improving patient care: the implementation of change in health care. John Wiley Sons. Hacker, K. and Walker, D.K., 2013. Achieving population health in accountable care organizations.American journal of public health,103(7), pp.1163-1167. Hadad, S., Hadad, Y. and Simon-Tuval, T., 2013. Determinants of healthcare systems efficiency in OECD countries.The European Journal of Health Economics,14(2), pp.253-265. Hall, J., 2015. Australian health careThe challenge of reform in a fragmented system.New England Journal of Medicine,373(6), pp.493-497. Hooley, M., Skouteris, H., Boganin, C., Satur, J. and Kilpatrick, N., 2012. Parental influence and the development of dental caries in children aged 06 years: a systematic review of the literature.Journal of dentistry,40(11), pp.873-885. Mossialos, E., Wenzl, M., Osborn, R. and Anderson, C., 2015. International profiles of health care systems.The Commonwealth Fund,2016. Powell, B.J., McMillen, J.C., Proctor, E.K., Carpenter, C.R., Griffey, R.T., Bunger, A.C., Glass, J.E. and York, J.L., 2012. A compilation of strategies for implementing clinical innovations in health and mental health.Medical care research and review,69(2), pp.123-157. Runciman, W.B., Hunt, T.D., Hannaford, N.A., Hibbert, P.D., Westbrook, J.I., Coiera, E.W., Day, R.O., Hindmarsh, D.M., McGlynn, E.A. and Braithwaite, J., 2012. CareTrack: assessing the appropriateness of health care delivery in Australia.The Medical Journal of Australia,197(2), pp.100-105. Scott, S.D., Albrecht, L., OLeary, K., Ball, G.D., Hartling, L., Hofmeyer, A., Jones, C.A., Klassen, T.P., Burns, K.K., Newton, A.S. and Thompson, D., 2012. Systematic review of knowledge translation strategies in the allied health professions.Implementation Science,7(1), p.70. Witter, S., Fretheim, A., Kessy, F.L. and Lindahl, A.K., 2012. Paying for performance to improve the delivery of health interven-tions in low-and middle-income countries.status and date: New, published in, (2).

Implications of the Classical Symphony free essay sample

Among these elements is he classical symphony, which was established by Joseph Haydn. Though many other genres existed at the time, it was the symphony that stood out and clearly represented the substance Of the Classical period. The classical period can be best described as an evolutionary offshoot of the Baroque era. Whereas the Baroque era focused on the exaggeration of melodic expression, the Classical period boasted clearer texture and much greater simplicity.One can note this difference when we compare the textures of both eras, Baroque music sported imitative polyphony, with a plethora of melodies playing altogether simultaneously in a convolution of USIA (State 20). However, the Classical period provides a much concise sound with homophony. This allowed composers to create a single, all powerful theme that is supported by various sounds that do compliment this theme. Although some may think that this background music detracts from the content of a musical piece, it instead supports it and brings about a consistent contrast which amplifies the main theme of th e musical piece. We will write a custom essay sample on Implications of the Classical Symphony or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Homophony allowed for easy listening for the audience to enjoy, which at the same time brought about a pleasing attitude during performances. Among there things, Classical music is very forgiving when it comes to rhythm. Rhythm in the Baroque era could be best described as unvarying. Although composers may very well add various melodies in their compositions, classical composers, especially Haydn, worked around with rhythm to produce different tempos in their music (Whitfield 140).In order to compliment this waving rhythm, composers were also very forgiving when it came to repetition. It was during this period that repetition led the way for many musical works. Many of these repetitions, or themes, till this day are widely known. Take for example Beethovens Symphony No. In C minor, where the four note theme is constantly modified throughout the piece in different variations, yet never changes completely (Virtual Media Reserves). These are some of the elements that characterize the classical symphony.The classical symphony is one of the many instrumental genres that complimented the classical period. First and foremost, the classical symphony is the epitome of systemic organization till this point of time. This highly organized genre can only be rivaled by the religious Mass in terms of organization and complication. Created by Joseph Haydn, the classical homophony is the general template which many composers during and after the classical era have followed (Knights 137). Composers such as Joseph Haydn himself, as well as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven, exploited the structured design of this genre to compose a variety of well organized pieces vital to the development of western music. Heydays involvement in the development of the classical symphony is as remarkable as his use of it. During his lifetime, he composed a total of 104 symphonies, of which the last twelve were written specifically for performances done in London, dubbed the London Symphonies. Musicologist James Webster commends Haydn for his work, stating He excelled in every musical genreHe is familiarly known as the father of the symphony and could with greater justice be thus regarded for the string quartet; no other composer approaches his combination of productivity, quality and historical importance in these genres which holds much merit (Webster 220). Such was his influence that, just as Webster said, Haydn plays a crucial role in the development of Western music. The father Of the symphony is a title not given easily. Heydays symphony follows a strict organizational pattern. For the most part, the symphony is composed of four distinct movements.These movements can be effectively separated by differing tempos, form, and rhythm. The classical symphony is an instrumental genre that takes advantage of a large orchestra, unlike the previous genres of the Baroque era (State 55). It was not common to see a complete orchestra for a symphony, unlike a concerto which takes advantage of fewer instruments. The first movement of a symphony must comprise of a fast or moderate tempo. Furthermore, this opening movement takes advantage of the sonata form to provide a before moving on to the next movement. Thematic contrast is the key when it comes to sonata form.This form employs four sections titled exposition, development, recapitulation, and coda. Exposition lays the foundation of base material for the movement. Under most circumstances, this stage of the sonata form establishes the main theme from which the movement is mainly composed of (State 70). Any tune or musical phrase may become a theme, and one obvious example Heydays Symphony No. 88 in G. Although it contains an introduction, the exposition of Symphony No. 88 lays out the theme that carries on throughout the first movement, though a hanger in key is present (Virtual Media Reserves).This modulation, or bridge, can be precisely described as a transition that allows the listener to note the contrasting aspect of this piece. This forward movement of tension gives way to the development of the musical piece, never allowing it to remain stagnant with the same sound over and over again (State 80). To end the exposition, Haydn creates a cadence theme to bring a feeling of closure to the exposition, allowing the development stage to begin. In the development section of the first movement, themes are in constant transformation. Counterpoint may be employed to further easy the illusion of contrast, chaos, and tension, but in reality, the theme remains substantially the same. The combination of both theme and background sound is a popular technique, allowing the composer to manipulate the theme in such a simple way that it remains identical in its core, yet distinct enough to carry on the progressive change established by the first movement (State 80). This progressive change eventually forgoes a change back into the first theme again, bringing about the resolution.In the resolution stage, all the manipulation and change started by the exposition, and led partly by the development, comes to a sense of closure. In essence, everything comes back to its original order, with the occasional manipulation here and there brought to an end with a coda, which is the schematic wrapping up of the first movement (State 103). The first movement of a symphony goes through a variety of transformations and manipulations of th e same theme over a period of time, only to come back to its original form.For the most part, these series Of contrasts amaze the listener in many ways. Among such examples is Mozart Symphony No. 40 in G. Minor, 4. 550 (Whitfield 78). In it, the main theme is repeated twice in the exposition, but with the second theme modified in key. Upon reaching the development stage, modulation occurs, and counterpoint is used. In the recapitulation stage, the main theme returns with great power (State 103). The main characteristic of the second movement of the symphony is its contrast to the first movement.For the most part, it embraces a slow tempo and quiet mood. In most cases, the second movement is somber and solemn, unlike the fast paced first movement. Variation form takes precedence in cost cases, which is similar to Sonata form but not as structured. Modifications of the main theme follow each other, only to end with a coda (Knights 56). Unlike sonata form, Variation form does not contain any sort of a resolution stage. The third movement of the symphony undergoes a dramatic shift. It instantly becomes a minuet, with three beats per minute. The minuet takes a moderate tempo, and once again adopts a new form. The ternary form starts with a main theme, or section. It is immediately followed by a second section, only to come back to the first section with little to no contrast in between (Knights 60). This secret transition sometimes takes the listener by surprise, as the piece slowly but surely starts again with the first section in such a way that the listener cannot notice it. The fourth movement acts much like a finale.It assumes a fast tempo and rondo form to exemplify the repetition Of the main theme followed by a different tune. This tune is then followed by the main theme again, only to be followed by another tune. This ABACAS form can best be described as a violent confrontation of themes. Accompanied by the relatively fast tempo, this clash of themes brings about an epic end to the symphony, leaving the audience in awe (Knights 66). Though structured in such a systematic way, the classical symphony as a genre is a success.The various elements that encompass the genre all work together to create a piece of substance. Though composers such as Haydn digressed from the imitative polyphony of the Baroque era, the classical symphony is a perfect example of how western music can employ new techniques and move forward in the development of music. The incorporation of various tempos, forms, and textures all define the classical symphony as a definitive work of art. Works Cited State, Will. The Classical Symphony. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1990. Knights, Tamari.

Fourth Amendment - the Text, Origins, and Meaning

Fourth Amendment - the Text, Origins, and Meaning The Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution is a section of the Bill of Rights that protects the people from being subjected to unreasonable searches and seizures of property by law enforcement officers or the federal government. However, the Fourth Amendment does not prohibit all searches and seizures, but only those that are found by a court to be unreasonable under the law. The Fifth Amendment, as part of the original 12 provisions of the Bill of Rights, was submitted to the states by Congress on September 25, 1789, and was ratified on December 15, 1791. The full text of the Fourth Amendment states: The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. Motivated by British Writs of Assistance Originally created to enforced the doctrine that â€Å"each man’s home is his castle,† The Fourth Amendment was written directly in response to British general warrants, called Writs of Assistance, in which the Crown would grant overarching, non-specific search powers to British law enforcement officials. Through Writs of Assistance, officials were free to search virtually any home they liked, at any time they liked, for any reason they liked or for no reason at all. Since some of the founding fathers had been smugglers in England, this was an especially unpopular concept in the colonies. Clearly, the framers of the Bill of Rights considered such colonial-era searches to be â€Å"unreasonable.† What Are ‘Unreasonable’ Searches Today? In deciding whether a particular search is reasonable, the courts attempt to weigh important interests: The extent to which the search intruded on the individuals Fourth Amendment rights and the extent to which the search was motivated by valid government interests, such as public safety. Warrantless Searches Not Always ‘Unreasonable’ Through several rulings, the U.S. Supreme Court has established that the extent to which an individual is protected by the Fourth Amendment depends, in part, on the location of the search or seizure. It is important to note that according to these rulings, there are several circumstances under which police may lawfully conduct â€Å"warrantless searches.† Searches in the Home:  According to Payton v. New York (1980), Searches and seizures conducted inside a home without a warrant are presumed to be unreasonable. However, such â€Å"warrantless searches† may be lawful under certain circumstances, including: If a responsible person gives the police permission to search the property. (Davis v. United States)If the search is conducted during a lawful arrest. (United States v. Robinson)If there is clear and immediate probable cause to conduct the search. (Payton v. New York)If the items being searched for are in plain view of the officers. (Maryland v. Macon) Searches of the Person:  In what is popularly known as its â€Å"stop and frisk† decision in the 1968 case of Terry v. Ohio, the Court ruled that when police officers see â€Å"unusual conduct† leading them to reasonably conclude that criminal activity may be taking place, the officers may briefly stop the suspicious person and make reasonable inquiries aimed at confirming or dispelling their suspicions. Searches in Schools:  Under most circumstances, school officials do not need to get a warrant before searching students, their lockers, backpacks, or other personal property. (New Jersey v. TLO)  Ã‚   Searches of Vehicles:  When police officers have probable cause to believe that a vehicle contains evidence of criminal activity, they may lawfully search any area of the vehicle in which the evidence might be found without a warrant. (Arizona v. Gant) In addition, police officers may lawfully conduct a traffic stop if they have reasonable suspicion that a traffic violation has occurred or that criminal activity is being carried out, for example, vehicles seen fleeing the scene of a crime. (United States v. Arvizu and Berekmer v. McCarty) Limited Power In practical terms, there is no means by which the government can exercise prior restraint on law enforcement officials. If an officer in Jackson, Mississippi wants to conduct a warrantless search without probable cause, the judiciary is not present at the time and cant prevent the search. This meant that the Fourth Amendment had little power or relevance until 1914. The Exclusionary Rule In Weeks v. United States (1914), the Supreme Court established what has been known as the exclusionary rule. The exclusionary rule states that evidence obtained through unconstitutional means is inadmissible in court and cannot be used as part of the prosecutions case. Before Weeks, law enforcement officials could violate the Fourth Amendment without being punished for it, secure the evidence, and use it at trial. The exclusionary rule establishes consequences for violating a suspects Fourth Amendment rights. Warrantless Searches The Supreme Court has held that searches and arrests can be performed without a warrant under some circumstances. Most notably, arrests and searches can be performed if the officer personally witnesses the suspect committing a misdemeanor, or has reasonable cause to believe that the suspect has committed a specific, documented felony. Warrantless Searches by Immigration Enforcement Officers On January 19, 2018, U.S. Border Patrol agents - without producing a warrant to do so - boarded a Greyhound bus outside the Fort Lauderdale, Florida station and arrested an adult female whose temporary visa had expired. Witnesses on the bus alleged that the Border Patrol agents had also asked everyone on board to show proof of U.S. citizenship. In response to inquiries, the Border Patrol’s Miami section headquarters confirmed that under the long-standing federal law, they can do that. Under Section 1357 of Title 8 of the United States Code, detailing the powers of immigration officers and employees, officers of the Border Patrol and Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) can, without a warrant: interrogate any alien or person believed to be an alien as to his right to be or to remain in the United States;arrest any alien who in his presence or view is entering or attempting to enter the United States in violation of any law or regulation made in pursuance of law regulating the admission, exclusion, expulsion, or removal of aliens, or to arrest any alien in the United States, if he has reason to believe that the alien so arrested is in the United States in violation of any such law or regulation and is likely to escape before a warrant can be obtained for his arrest, but the alien arrested shall be taken without unnecessary delay for examination before an officer of the Service having authority to examine aliens as to their right to enter or remain in the United States; andwithin a reasonable distance from any external boundary of the United States, to board and search for aliens any vessel within the territorial waters of the United States and any railway car, aircraft, con veyance, or vehicle, and within a distance of twenty-five miles from any such external boundary to have access to private lands, but not dwellings, for the purpose of patrolling the border to prevent the illegal entry of aliens into the United States. In addition, The Immigration and Nationality Act 287(a)(3) and CFR 287 (a)(3) states that Immigration Officers, without a warrant, may â€Å"within a reasonable distance from any external boundary of the United States...board and search for aliens in any vessel within the territorial waters of the United States and any railcar, aircraft, conveyance, or vehicle.† The Immigration and Nationality Act defines â€Å"Reasonable distance† as 100 miles.   The Right to Privacy Although the implicit privacy rights established in Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) and Roe v. Wade (1973) are most often associated with the Fourteenth Amendment, the Fourth Amendment contains an explicit right of the people to be secure in their persons that is also strongly indicative of a constitutional right to privacy. Updated by Robert Longley

Proposal to Reduce Pollution in Phoenix, Arizona Essay

Proposal to Reduce Pollution in Phoenix, Arizona - Essay Example Improved roads will reduce bottlenecks along with a controllable and smooth traffic. Nonetheless, this measure in road improvement must also be implemented and integrated with improving traffic safety and encouraging the community to participate in reducing air pollution. In addition, the project will also include the construction of bicycle and motorcycle lanes, and sidewalks for those who prefer to walk. As an integrated project with road improvement, the community will be encouraged to alter their transportation practices in order to lessen the traffic in the city. Also, it will reduce air pollution because of the lesser carbon emission (Faiz, Weaver, & Walsh, 1996). Furthermore, some of the most common point sources or fix air pollutants are power plants, chemical producing factories, and wood and pulp factories (Kibble & Harrison, 2005). Legislation on the maximum permissible carbon emission of these companies is one of the aims of this proposal. Also, in order to eradicate or l essen the pollution in the city, companies will be given a specific time-frame in order to alter its production process into a more energy efficient manufacturing process. In addition, the establishment of urban forestry in the city will help in the pollution control coming from vehicles and manufacturing plants. Also, these areas will also help in the regulating the heat in the city, which will then reduce the usage of air conditioning units. These proposals must be researched and properly studied more prior to any plans for implementation.

What is the current status of clinical gene therapy trials for Chronic Essay

What is the current status of clinical gene therapy trials for Chronic Granulomatous Disorder - Essay Example ests that the disease is present in ‘one in 250,000’ infants at birth, but the symptoms become evident only when the child reaches a few months of age (Assari 2006: 6). Only 21% of patients have survived the disease beyond the age of 7 previously, whereas the recent trends show improvement in the survival rates because of the ‘advancement in treatments’ (Assari 2006: 6). On the other hand, the disease can rarely occur in adults, and therefore, if someone has the problem of ‘recurrent infections’, it will be advisable to subject such individuals to an evaluation, irrespective of the age factor (Chung, Cyr & Ellis 2013: 2). Gene therapy, which is the intervention in a disease or disorder through introducing genes into the affected cells to set right the impacts of ‘specific gene mutations’, is one of the methods used in the treatment of CGD (Dugal & Chaudhary 2012: 4). However, evidence suggests that in order for the treatment to be effective, the appropriate gene will have to be incorporated into the target cell ‘specifically, efficiently and stably’ (Dugal & Chaudhary 2012: 4). On the other hand, it is also necessary to use the most appropriate vector for the introduction of the gene or gene delivery into the human cell. Research studies have identified lentiviral vectors (LVs) to be one of the effective and the ‘most widely used’ vectors in gene therapy (Dugal & Chaudhary 2012: 4). A study conducted by Assari (2006: 6) on mice found that gene therapy, using recombinant retroviral vectors, is an effective treatment for the reconstruction of normal neutrophils an d in building ‘resistance to pathogens’ such as Aspergillus. The author also contends that gene therapy, using retroviral vectors in two humans, has produced ‘encouraging results’ where both of them have attained remarkable levels of gene corrected cells and their clinical conditions show good improvement (Assari 2006: 6). Studies further substantiate the fact that gene

Explain how the introduction of a minimum wage may affect the level of Essay

Explain how the introduction of a minimum wage may affect the level of employment in theory. Examine and critically assess the e - Essay Example When the government enforces the laws of minimum wages, then the market forces are disturbed and equilibrium ceases to exist creating a gap between the demand and supply, which is of labor in this case. The disequilibrium in theory results in a rise in the supply of labor but the demand reduces as the labor is now more costly. However, the magnitude by which this disequilibrium is caused depends upon the circumstances prevailing in each economy and varies from country to country which we will see later. The diagram to the right shows the labor market curve. When the market forces were independent and not disturbed, the market was in equilibrium that is the supply and demand curve intersected at a point which is known as the equilibrium point represented as L0 with the quantity of labor and W0 as the equilibrium wage rate. However, the market forces were disturbed and the minimum wage rate was introduced with the representation of Wmin. This created disequilibrium in the economy and t he supply and demand curves no longer intersect at the equilibrium point. There now is a gap between the demand and supply of labor which is equivalent to L2-L1 and this is the excess labor which is not required. Since the employment has gone down from L0 to L1, this shows that the implementation of a minimum wage policy results in a decline in unemployment in an economy. Several economists and business owner, small businesses in particular, have voiced their concerns that minimum wages will result in a rise in unemployment. The worst aspect of this rise in unemployment is the fact that the people who will be most affected are the poor people who are not too educated. When the minimum wage policy will be implemented, the costs of hiring on part of the employers will rise and they will be forced to wither cut the current staff or freeze their hiring programs. They think that the poor and uneducated people will be most affected since the policy is affecting only them. The educated or wealthy people are already employed on jobs at higher management levels and their current wages or salaries are nowhere near the minimum wages. It is the lower level staff whose wages are affected and hence the employers will be forced to take action against these employees. However, a liberal think tank with the name of Economic Policy Institute have conducted a research and it has suggested that there is little evidence to suggest that there is more or less no difference in the employment levels between states in America in some industries even though there is a difference in the minimum wage rates among the states. This suggests that the impact of an introduction of minimum wage policy is dependent upon other factors as well that is industry to industry in this case. This suggests that a minimum wage policy may not have such a significant impact as economists have previously suggested. As a matter of fact, it may even increase employment in some cases because the workers were act ually being paid less than the worth of revenue and profits that they were contributing to the firm economically. The findings have gone as far as suggesting that rather than creating disequilibrium in the market as a result of minimum wages, it may even help the market to come nearer to the equilibrium level by forcing the employers to pay a fairer wage to the employees. Furthermore, the employers always have the choice of reducing the supervision, training, and recruitment costs in order to balance

Should Congress have Term Limits?

Should Congress have Term Limits? Term limits are limitations that restrict the number of years that someone can serve in an elected office. However, there are no limitations of terms for the members of Congress. They are allowed to run for reelection as many times as they want. The founding fathers intended that elections would reflect the political values of citizens and check the power of government. Term limits should be implemented to prevent career politicians because the founding founders never intended politics to become a career. The United States should have a national referendum to propose a constitutional amendment to institute term limits. The founding of the United States was a radical movement by a collection of like-minded individuals who had new ideas of freedom and self-governments. The backgrounds of the founding fathers were varying from scholars, statesmen, industrialists, and businessmen. The juxtaposition of their backgrounds fostered debate, new ideas, consensus, and descent. It can be said the each of the founding fathers were leaders, not only in their communities, but in their fields. Professional politicians were not yet a byproduct of the new American government. Also there were not yet distinct political parties or PACs or super PACs (Political action committees).   In the beginnings of this representative republic most congressmen did not serve more than a couple of terms. Most had lives, families, and business to get back to. They saw serving in congress as a duty and sacrifice in an effort to make the country grow and stronger. Term limits should be introduced to reinforce states’ rights, reduce corruption, and reinvigorate the republic. In the 1990 congressional reelection, voter’s reelected rate of incumbents exceeded ninety-six percent. Voters that disapproved by Congress just stayed at home and didn’t vote because it seemed that there opinion didn’t matter. It also made it difficult for voters to express their opinion about Congress. Two days before the election in 1990, there was a national survey that showed that sixty-nine percent of people did not approve of Congress. Fifty-one percent did approve of the congressmen that were chosen. The 22nd Amendment was added to the constitution in February of 1951. This limited the number of terms a president can serve. Franklin Delano Roosevelt served twelve years. Congress decided that there needed to be an amendment that limits the amount of terms that presidents can serve for. They made this decision not long after Roosevelt’s death. Term limits were put in place to restrict too much executive power. Fifteen states have adopted term limits for their state legislators, but states can’t limit the terms for U.S. Senators. On November third of 1992, in the Arkansas Supreme Court, amendment seventy-three (the term limitation amendment) was adopted by Arkansas voters. This amendment provided for limits of two terms for executive officials and state senators and three terms for state representatives. If someone served two or more terms as a member of the United States Senate from Arkansas, they would be ineligible for re-election as a US Senator from Arkansas, due to the term limitation amendment. â€Å"Its preamble stated: ‘The people of Arkansas find and declare that elected officials who remain in office too long become preoccupied with reelection and ignore their duties as representatives of the people. Entrenched incumbency has reduced voter participation and has led to an electoral system that is less free, less competitive, and less representative than the system established by the Founding Fathers. Therefore, the people of Arkansas, exercising their reserved powers, herein limit the terms of the elected officials.’†. (Stevens 5) In May of 1995, the Supreme Court made a decision ruling 5-4 in United States Term Limits, Inc. v. Thornton. The ruling was that â€Å"states cannot impose term limits upon their federal Representatives or Senators. In the 1994 elections, part of the Republican platform included legislation for term limits in Congress† (Stevens 72). Term limits would make it difficult for the federal government to enact rules, laws, create agencies that strip powers from the states, for example EPA (environmental protection agencies), DHS (department of homeland security), DOE (department of education), entitlement programs, earmarks, and subsidies. The Constitutional power that the federal government is responsible for is entering into treaties with foreign governments. They also have the power to wage war, declare war, and win war.   Article 1, Section 8, Clause 3 of the United States   Constitution , which gives Congress the power â€Å"to regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, and with the Indian tribes.† Section 8 also explains Congress may have the â€Å"power to lay and collect taxes†, declare war, regulate interstate commerce, coin money, and raise an army. â€Å"When the Framers met in Philadelphia in 1787 and wrote the constitution that governs us today, they addressed that failure and through the commerce and the privileges and immunities clauses that created a national free-trade zone. The original purpose of the commerce clause was primarily a means to eliminate trade barriers among the states. They didnt intend for the commerce clause to govern so much of our lives. Indeed, as James Madison, the father of our Constitution, explained, ‘The powers delegated by the proposed Constitution to the federal government are few and defined. Those which are to remain in the State governments are numerous and indefinite’†. (Williams 3) The longest someone has served in the Senate is fifty-one years, five months, and twenty-six days. The person who held this record is Robert C. Byrd. John Dingell Jr. served in the House of Representatives for more than fifty-three years.   Congressmen are not there long enough to gain power, or write legislation in the form of tax loop holes. Term limits will break the cycle of career politicians (people building power over time) and facilitate a return to the â€Å"common man† being involved in the political process. They will bring new ideas, new perspective, and reinforce â€Å"of the people, by the people, for the people.†Ã‚   The phrase â€Å"drain the swap† refers to removing career politicians from their elected office.   There are a lot of people who think that America is just filled with a bunch of career politicians, and we need to â€Å"drain the swamp†. Some of these career politicians aren’t accountable to the people. They stop doing what the people want and focus on running for reelection and how they are going to deal with things themselves. â€Å"Term limits in Congress would encourage members of Congress to make their time in office matter.† (Desantis 21). A member of the United States Term Limits advocacy group, Austin Sekel wrote that â€Å"term limits don’t exist to keep people out of office. They exist to make the regular rotation possible, and to create opportunities for new leaders to emerge.†Ã‚  (Sekel 7). Term limits aren’t meant to push people out of Congress. Without term limits, only certain people can run for election. Other citizens don’t have an equal chance of becoming a new congressman, when the same people get reelected every election. The Founding Fathers intended for other people to have a chance to become congressmen, develop new ideas, create opportunities, and become new leaders in America. The Founding Fathers were not career politicians. It is difficult to believe when they were developing the frame work and the foundations of the new republic, that they would purposely develop or create a mechanism that would introduce a class of citizen who would monopolize and control the political process over time. While removing the very strength of the public, by eroding states’ rights and coagulate consolidating power into a central government. The United States of America was built as a representative republic. There should be no career politicians, billion dollar contracts, trillion dollar budgets, or two thousand plus page bills passed by the federal government, with hidden kickbacks, special interest, and earmarks. The only time the federal government meaning the legislature should ever agree on anything should be in the matters of treaties, and war. The federal government was designed so that congress and the senate would find it extremely difficult to build consensus on any issue unless it was a clear and present danger, or such a massive societal shift that you could get more than 60 percent of the citizenry or their representative to agree to a national change. As it stands now, congress has turned into an elite club ran by career politicians, special interest, and power brokers. Instituting term limits would reinvigorate the republic, restore power to the states, and reduce corruption. Works Cited Liedl, Mark B. â€Å"The Case for Limiting Congressional Terms.† The Heritage Foundation, 1 Dec. 1990, www.heritage.org/report/the-case-limiting-congressional-terms. Staff, LII. â€Å"Commerce Clause.† LII / Legal Information Institute, 11 June 2016, www.law.cornell.edu/wex/commerce_clause. Williams, Walter E. â€Å"Commerce Clause Abuse.† Commerce Clause Abuse, 4 Oct. 2003, econfaculty.gmu.edu/wew/articles/03/abuse.html. Murse, Tom. â€Å"The Pros and Cons of Imposing Terms Limits for Congress.† ThoughtCo, 9 July 2017, www.thoughtco.com/debate-over-term-limits-for-congress-3367505. U. S. Term Limits, Inc. v. Thornton. Oyez, 24 Apr. 2018, www.oyez.org/cases/1994/93-1456. Stevens. U.S. Term Limits, Inc. v. Thornton, 514 U.S. 779 (1995)., 22 May 1995, www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/93-1456.ZO.html. â€Å"The Limits of Term Limits.† Restoration: Congress, Term Limits, and the Recovery of the Deliberative Democracy, by Terry Eastland, pp. 54–55.

Light and Dark in Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad Essay -- Joseph C

     Ã‚   In the book, Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad, all the characters are pulled into a well of black despair. Conrad uses the darkness of the situation contrasted to the light of society to show man’s dependence on western morals, and how when these morals are challenged by the darkness, the light crumbles under its newly weakened foundation. The contrast between light and dark is most stark in the themes of setting, the changes in Europeans as they drive farther into the Congo, and the white man’s collapse under the ultimate darkness of the Innermost Congo. The setting of Heart of Darkness is a very critical part of the book, and Conrad goes to extreme lengths to highlight the evil radiating from the region in which he sets his book. First, the tale is told in a frame story pattern, Marlow is relating his experience to friends in a setting different from that of the primary tale. But the setting where Marlow tells his tale is a foreshadow of what is to come. Marlow presents his story on a boat in the dark of night, creating a sense of evil surrounding the story. The darkness is so deep where Marlow rests during the telling of his tale, that he cannot see his friends, and instead tells the story to the darkness itself. Once the narrative begins, Conrad quickly places his character in another situation which only foretells of the place to which he is going. Within a Belgian office, Marlow examines a map of the area into which he is traveling, he describes it, "...on one end a large shining map, marked with all the colours of a rainbow. There was a vast amount of red-good to see at any time, because one knows that some real work is done in there, a deuce of a lot of blue, a little green, smears of orange, and, on the... ...s us human, but we must always understand that it is only a mask, and not the truth, because one day everyone will be faced with the darkness of the true nature of our world, and we will stare into the heart of the darkness, and it will break us, as it did to Kurtz, or enlighten us, as it did to Marlow.       Works Cited and Consulted Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness. New Jersey: The Ecco Press, 1992. Guerard, Albert J. Conrad the Novelist. Cambridge, MA.: Harvard U. Press, 1958. Guerard, Albert J. "Heart of Darkness". TCLC. 13:114. Karl, Fredrick R. "Heart of Darkness". TCLC. 6:121. Kimbrough, Robert, ed. Heart of Darkness: An Authoritative Text, Backgrounds and Sources, Criticism. By Joseph Conrad. 3rd ed. Norton Critical Edition. New York: Norton, 1988.   Meyers, Jeffrey.   Joseph Conrad.   New York:   Charles Scribner's Sons, 1991.

Can Korean Red Ginseng Increase the Life Span of Cancer Patients?

According to the newspaper article, it claims that Korean red ginseng is capable of increasing the life spans of cancer patients. However, it seems that no concrete evidence is present as yet to substantiate this claim since â€Å"nobody knows the results†. The article mentioned that Korean red ginseng has played a vital role in extending French politician, Francois Mitterrand’s life from three months to more than half a year. Professor Kim Si-kwan at Konkuk University further supports this statement as he mentioned, â€Å"red Korean ginseng reduces the amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the body†.Similarly, Professor Park Jeong-hill at Seoul National University also supported the statement as he said, â€Å"it is crucial to deter ROS to prevent or deal with cancer†. According to my online research, ROS are chemically reactive molecules that contain oxygen and they are able to cause harm to cell structures. Particularly, oxidative DNA damage can ar ise from mitochondria mutation and therefore, leading to cancer (Frei, 1997). Besides that, Korean Ginseng Corporation has stated that Korean red ginseng contains anti-carcinogenic that aids in limiting or slowing down the spread of cancer cell growth.Hence, I feel that it is a sound claim that Korean red ginseng is able to deter cancer cell growth since Korean Ginseng Corporation has stated its stand to support the article’s claim in their company website. Korean Ginseng Corporation has over a hundred year of legacy worldwide and its ginseng is available in the international markets as well, hence it is very likely that the statement from its company website is trustworthy and accurate. Therefore, this makes it a reliable piece of evidence to a certain extent and I can trust its contents.Moreover, Korean Ginseng Corporation has also carried out several experiments to substantiate the fact that Korean red ginseng is able to bring about longer life spans. For instance, a contr ol group of men and women were made to consume Korean red ginseng for a given period of time and compared to those who did not consume it. Results showed that those who consumed the Korean red ginseng lived a longer life than those who did not (Please refer to Appendix 1). As a result, I feel that this piece of evidence is sufficient to support the article’s claim and I can accept its stand.Adding on, the consumption of Korean red ginseng is able to help decrease incidence of cancer according to Korean Ginseng Corporation (Please refer to Appendix 2). Thus, I trust the article’s claim to an extent. However, I feel that the evidence from the article is unreliable to a certain extent. From the article, it is said that Mitterrand’s life span had increased to more than twice because he consumed Korean red ginseng. A possible reasoning that he lived longer than expected could be due to the inaccurate prediction from his doctor, rather than the effects of Korean red g inseng alone.From my online research, it is common that doctors are â€Å"poor at predicting life span, even when they're dealing with the terminally ill† patients (Schumann, 2010). Thus, I feel that it is not accurate evidence to support the article’s claim and I am unable to accept it. Furthermore, the article states â€Å"one of the most bought items by visiting Chinese tourists to Korea is red ginseng†. This statement is vague and I feel that it does not imply that the consumers bought the Korean red ginseng out of pure belief that it can prevent cancer, or rather to increase their life span.There is a possibility that the consumers bought the Korean red ginseng because of the effects of â€Å"word of mouth†, which means that they buy the ginseng simply because everybody else had bought it. It is similar to a chain effect. As such, I feel that this evidence from the article is insufficient and I am unable to accept that it can support the article†™s claim. Moreover, the extension of life span of cancer patients can be attributed to many other external factors rather than just the consumption of Korean red ginseng alone.For instance, studies have shown that by maintaining an optimistic attitude can help lengthen life span too (Wells, 2012). A Yale University researchers statement further supports this statement that: Positive self-perceptions can prolong life expectancy (Lovette, 2012). Hence, this shows that the claim is unreliable to a certain extent since it failed to recognize other factors that contribute to the increase of life span. In conclusion, I agree with the claim made by the article after weighing both sides of it. It is no doubt that Korean red ginseng is able to bring about good health if consumed long term.However, I feel that the use of Korean red ginseng to overcome cancer cannot be regarded as a single remedy on its own. It must be coupled with other external factors such as healthy lifestyle, optimistic environment and attitude in order to maximize the positive effects. According to Korean Ginseng Corporation, long-term consumption of it can help fight insomnia, anti-ageing, increase concentration, stamina, improve memory function and many more. Frei. B. (1997). Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant Vitamins. Taken from http://lpi. oregonstate. edu/f-w97/reactive. html Korean Ginseng Corporation.Taken from http://www. kgcus. com/Studies. html Lovett. S. (2012). 10 Practical steps to a more optimistic attitude- in just 30 days Taken from http://australianriverrestorationcentre. com. au/2012/05/ Schumann. J. H. (2010). The Worst Fortune Tellers. Why doctors are so bad at predicting how long their patients will live. Taken from http://www. slate. com/articles/health_and_science/medical_examiner/2010/08/the_worst_fortune_tellers. html Wells. J. (2012). Optimistic People Live Longer Taken from http://www. familyhealthguide. co. uk/10-tips-for-a-longer-happier-life. html

How much can be said that Macbeth is a Horror Story Essay Example

How much can be said that Macbeth is a Horror Story Essay Example How much can be said that Macbeth is a Horror Story Paper How much can be said that Macbeth is a Horror Story Paper and then is heard no more. This implies that Macbeth thinks life is insignificant and is merely a wandering object. Shakesphere has related his play to what Macbeth thinks of life, Macbeth believes that people live their life on earth and then they die. As Macbeth has murdered so many people he is used to murder now, I have almost forgotten the taste of fear. Macbeth has forgotten what fear is like because he has been exposed to something incredibly stronger than fear and now here is alone to fulfil his ambitions. Macbeth realises that his crown is, Fruitless, and his sceptre, Barren. He murdered Duncan in order to make the witches prophecy come true, but now he plots to murder Banquo and Fleance so the witches promise to Banquo may not come true. Macbeth, is made up of a great deal of Murder, but it also contains perversion. Lady Macbeth experienced a very weird type of perversion because with the pressure from the murders she couldnt cope and cracked. She then turned to the dark side and asked to be as strong, inside, as a man. Come you spirits that tend on mortal thoughts! Unsex me here, And fill me from the crown to the toe top- full of direst cruelty; and make thick my blood, stop up the access and passage to remorse. This quote is very strong, it makes the audience realise that if someone like Lady Macbeth, who made once a very courageous and noble man go against his will, is finally cracking under the strain, therefore the situation must be getting tense and too much for even the strongest of people. The audience may realise that Macbeth may crack soon, like Lady Macbeth. Shakespeare used the words, Stop up the access passage to remorse, because it shows that Lady Macbeth has a guilty conscience and wants to stop anything else which could make her feel guilty for what she has done, it also shows that her ,mind is failing. Lady Macbeth wants to be as strong mentally as Macbeth is physically so she can handle the situation, Make thick my blood. This is used because she wants to be stronger and less caring, referring to turning to the dark side again. Macbeth knows she is weak inside, but strong on the outside. Lady Macbeth is the backbone of the plot for Macbeth to be king, soon after she kills herself the idea of Macbeth becoming king seems to get further and further away for him. Although, I think, I have mentioned the most important aspects of horror there are still a few more which add to the plays effect on the audience. Madness is used to a great degree in, Macbeth, this ties in with obsession and the witches. During the play Macbeth admits that he is going mad. I have suppd full with horrors; direness, familiar to my slaughterous thoughts, cannot start me. This means that Macbeth is no longer afraid of death. Horror, familiar to his thoughts can never alarm him. Nothing can worry him now, he is in despair, he doesnt care about his life, it means nothing. lifes but a walking shadow, this symbolises a person living their life on earth, then dying. There is no meaning to life. Shadow, is used because a shadow is insubstantial which is what Macbeth thinks about life at that moment of time. The fact that Macbeth has gone mad would horrify the audience because at the beginning of the play he was referred to as, For brave Macbeth, O valiant cousin! Worthy gentleman, Noble Macbeth. Now the audience would hate him because he has murdered the king, the innocents, his cousin and his friends. All of this has happened because of the witches and his obsession with ambition. Animal imagery can also create horror in a story, the play has various instances of animal imagery. Macbeth is full of, Scorpions, Banquo sees Macbeth as a poisonous snake that is worming his way into his heart. The order of nature and harmony of the state have both been over thrown and the result is society in chaos, which has consistently been shown to us using animal imagery. The witches use animals to horrify the audience, Double, double, toil and trouble; Fire burn and cauldron bubble Fillet of a fenny snake, in the cauldron boil and bake; eye of newt, and toe of frog wool of bat, tongue of dog, adders fork and blind worms sting, lizards leg, and howlets wing, for a charm of powerful trouble, like a hell-broth boil and bubble. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth cant see good from evil. Macbeth is murder motivated and turns to the witches again for help. He has turned to the dark side. Macbeth is addicted to power and murder. As Macbeth went back to the witches he turned to the dark side or the evil side, this means he is like a devil and the, Sacrilegious act, that he committed means nothing to him now, but before he was sorry for what he had done, I have livd long enough : my way of life I falln into the sere, the yellow leaf, and that which should accompany old age as honour, love, obedience, troops of friends. I conclude that, Macbeth, contains many different aspects of horror and I can safely say that, Macbeth, was a horror story in the Shakespearean times. I believe that, Macbeth, today, is not classed as a play of horror because not many people see witches as frightening. Hansel Gretel and Snowwhite and the seven dwarfs, both of these famous children stories involve witches this proves that in todays world, witches arent scary. Most modern films dont include fate or supernatural, but more murder and obsession.